Tauna Sanderling wakes up at 5:45 a.m., prepares breakfast and gears up for a full day of virtual school for her two grandchildren, niece and nephew. She’s transformed her Detroit living room into a classroom with the children in separate corners.
Sanderling, 52, is one of millions of parents and caretakers across the country adjusting to going back to school during the pandemic and the costs associated with it.
She recently spent about $500 on school supplies — learning books, flash cards, and a chalkboard — for the children. It was an unexpected cost on top of paying utility bills and providing healthy meals. Sanderling, the primary provider for seven children, survives on just $1,200 a month.
It’s a tough burden to bear, but one she must shoulder, she said.
“I want to get in my closet and I want to cry,” Sanderling said. “I cannot show them that I’m giving up and I’m frustrated, but every day I am frustrated and I have to cry to God all the time. What can I do? Guide me, help me.”
As the new school year ramps up and the economic downturn of the COVID pandemic continues, parents are having to make tough financial decisions. Nonprofits and social service agencies say they see families struggle to purchase materials for school, access childcare, and put food on the table. Experts worry that, without government intervention, long-term financial strain may widen opportunity gaps for children, and challenges to learning in the pandemic can exacerbate inequalities into the future.
Many Detroiters, like others across the state and the country, have felt the impact of the pandemic.
As of July 29, nearly a quarter of Detroiters were unemployed and nearly half said they couldn’t afford to buy more food, according to the University of Michigan’s Detroit Metro Area Communities Study, which surveyed 1,138 Detroiters online and over the phone.
Adjusting to school, especially during the pandemic, can add to the pressure families already face, especially for people who have lost work or are in low-paying jobs, said Kyle Smitley, who runs two charter elementary schools — Detroit Achievement Academy and Detroit Prep.
“Lots of families, generally in America, are one paycheck away from being in serious financial trouble … and school coming back is just turning up the heat to that,” she said.
Families need school supplies, child care and food
Purchasing technology and school supplies is a concern for families right now, said Cindy Eggleton, co-founder and CEO of Brilliant Detroit, a nonprofit offering 7,000 Detroiters health and education services.
Although the Detroit Public Schools Community District supplied thousands of students with laptops and internet connections, there is still a gap in access to technology for those in charter schools, Eggleton said.
Vanita Sanders, director of education and community initiatives for United Way of Southeastern Michigan, said more funding is needed to “close that technology gap for students who are in charters or students who live in the city of Detroit but may attend school somewhere else.”
It’s hard to quantify the lack of technology for charter schools, but it does exist, said Buddy Moorehouse, spokesman for the Michigan Association of Public School Academies, a charter advocacy group. However, he said he has not yet heard of a charter school that has been unable to provide its students with devices. Schools are adjusting their budgets and individually fundraising for supplies. Some also used federal relief funds.
The City of Detroit in July announced a $1.4 million investment from mortgage lender, Rocket Mortgage to Connect 313, the city’s effort to ensure all Detroiters have digital access. Connect 313 launched in June to provide Detroiters with devices, internet, technical support, and digital literacy. Nearly 30% of Detroit households don’t have internet access and 45% have no access to a computer, according to Connect 313.
Families need a host of supplies — devices, headsets, appropriate high speed WiFi — to create “learning nooks” for their children within homes, Sanders said.
“There were a lot of families that either didn’t have the resources or they weren’t ready for all the virtual learning,” Sanders said.
United Way of Southeastern Michigan plans to donate 3,000 backpacks to ninth graders in the Detroit Public Schools Community District and another 3,300 to sixth and ninth graders in some Detroit charters and southeast Michigan schools. Included in the backpacks are noise-canceling earbuds, white boards, and markers to help students with virtual learning.
Another concern for families is child care, Sanders said. Health risks, work at home routines and the challenge of finding employees have rocked daycares across metro Detroit. And options for parents may become even more unpredictable as school districts decide whether they will hold in-person instruction.
“Everyone can’t work virtually, so parents aren’t able to find affordable care for their children … or just having someone who’s at their home to be able to watch their children while they are working and the children are working virtually,” she said.
Obtaining consistent, healthy meals is an ongoing challenge, too. Since March, Gleaners Community Food Bank has increased its food distribution within southeast Michigan by 40%, said Stacy Averill, vice president of community giving and public relations for Gleaners.
“There are new hardships that families are facing that they may never have had to face before,” Averill said. “As resources are strained, making sure that there is healthy food in the household could be a struggle as well.”
Before the pandemic, Gleaners’ monthly distribution of food was about 3.5 to 4 million pounds a month, reaching about 100,000 households. Since the pandemic, average distributions per month have risen to 6.5 million pounds for 150,000 households, she said.
“We continue to average about 230 households for each of our drive-up mobile distribution sites,” Averill said
Gleaners plans to continue extra food distribution into the fall knowing that families need help as they navigate the school year, she said.
Maria Dalton of Detroit understands this all too well.
Although she is able to provide meals for her kindergartner, feeding “a growing 5-year-old” is something she constantly worries about. Dalton said she hears similar concerns from her friends.
“I don’t think I realized how much having those two meals a day mattered until now,” she said of the meals students would typically receive in school. “I don’t think any of us realized that,” said Dalton, 40, who has to work a weekend job at a grocery store in addition to her-full time job.
For families who don’t have transportation like she does, it may be impossible to get food from schools, churches, or food banks, she said.
Still, amid these financial worries, Dalton is a dedicated mom trying to “maintain some form of normalcy for my child,” she said.
Theresa Mitchell, 38, says the additional aid she’s received in unemployment benefits has been barely enough, as she helps her two children who are in kindergarten and first grade attend school virtually. Mitchell lost her job at a local nonprofit in February.
“Where we were already budgeting, we really have to budget now. And it’s important to me that my kids don’t notice a difference.”
Mitchell, of Detroit, spent an unexpected $300 on supplies — a table and additional technology. That’s on top of utility and grocery bills.
“It’s a hard pill to swallow, but definitely one that has to be done,” she said.
Experts: social supports should continue
The CARES Act, extra unemployment benefits, eviction moratoriums and utility shut-off protections helped people facing financial insecurity.
With federal unemployment benefits rolling back, people are now struggling to make ends meet and stay in their homes, said Matthew Diemer, a developmental psychologist and professor of education at the University of Michigan.
“I think a lot of us are concerned about what the fall and winter might bring,” he said. Social supports at the state and local level helped, he said.
But the pandemic could widen what researchers refer to as opportunity gaps — the often wide differences in resources and educational opportunities that exist between students such as those from low-income families and those from wealthier families. For example, most students from low-income families weren’t able to afford learning alternatives such as private tutors that were readily available to their higher-income peers during the spring and summer when school buildings were closed.
Learning loss will likely be greatest among Black and Hispanic students from low-income familes because they lack access to high-quality internet and individual devices, according to an analysis from McKinsey & Company, a consulting group. The average K-12 student in the country could lose $61,000 to $82,000 of their potential lifetime earnings because of COVID-related learning losses. But it’s worse for Black and Hispanic Americans. While white students could earn $1,348 less a year over a 40-year working life, Black students could earn $2,186 less a year and Hispanic students could earn $1,809 less per year, according to the analysis.
William Elliott, professor of social work at the University of Michigan, said American families need long-term solutions. He recommends “federal interventions” for the next couple years, like mortgage forgiveness and rent relief coupled with policies to build wealth.
“It’s not enough simply to have income to live day to day, he said. “They also need specific policies that help them build assets in their homes, help them to invest in the stock market.”
Congress remains deadlocked over another stimulus bill.
President Donald Trump in August announced an extra $300 in weekly federal unemployment aid after a previous $600 weekly supplement ended in July. Claimants in Michigan began receiving the $300 benefits last week.
Elliott said people have found themselves relying on family networks for financial help, living in combined housing areas, and going to food banks, but this is temporary, he said.
“How do we continue to make a semblance of the American Dream and not allow this to be a moment in which inequality — which is already quite large — [will] be further exacerbated by both educational losses and wealth losses and income losses?”
Nushrat Rahman covers issues related to economic mobility for the Detroit Free Press and Bridge Detroit as a corps member with Report for America, an initiative of The GroundTruth Project.
Contact Nushrat: nrahman@freepress.com; 313-348-7558. Follow her on Twitter: @NushratR.
